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Propanoate metabolism

State Icon Reaction EC-Number Confidence maximal confidence score from EnzymeDetector
propane + O2 + NADH + H+ <=> 2-propanol + NAD+ + H2O 1.14.13.227 propane 2-monooxygenase

enzyme_N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine + NAD+ <=> [dihydrolipoyllysine-residue(2-methylpropanoyl)transferase]-lipoyllysine + NADH + H+ 1.8.1.4 dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase

succinate + CoA + ATP <=> succinyl-CoA + ADP + phosphate 6.2.1.13 acetate---CoA ligase (ADP-forming)
6.2.1.4 succinate---CoA ligase (GDP-forming)
6.2.1.5 succinate---CoA ligase (ADP-forming)



acetyl-CoA + acetoacetate <=> acetate + acetoacetyl-CoA 2.8.3.1 propionate CoA-transferase
2.8.3.18 succinyl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase
2.8.3.8 acetate CoA-transferase
2.8.3.9 butyrate---acetoacetate CoA-transferase




propionyl-CoA + NADP+ <=> acryloyl-CoA + NADPH + H+ 1.3.1
1.3.1.84 acrylyl-CoA reductase (NADPH)
1.3.1.95 acrylyl-CoA reductase (NADH)



propionate + CoA + ATP <=> propionyl-CoA + ADP + phosphate 6.2.1.13 acetate---CoA ligase (ADP-forming)
6.2.1.5 succinate---CoA ligase (ADP-forming)
6.2.1.B11



3-hydroxypropionate + NAD+ <=> malonate_semialdehyde + NADH + H+ 1.1.1.298 3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase (NADP+)
1.1.1.31 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase
1.1.1.59 3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase
1.1.1.60 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropionate reductase




acetyl-CoA + propionate <=> acetate + propionyl-CoA 2.8.3.1 propionate CoA-transferase
2.8.3.12 glutaconate CoA-transferase
2.8.3.14 5-hydroxypentanoate CoA-transferase
2.8.3.18 succinyl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase




(R)-2-methylmalonyl-CoA <=> succinyl-CoA 5.4.99.2 methylmalonyl-CoA mutase
5.4.99.63 ethylmalonyl-CoA mutase
5.4.99.64 2-hydroxyisobutanoyl-CoA mutase



bithionol + H2O <=> H+ + 3-hydroxypropionate + CoA 3.1.2.4 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase

2-oxobutyrate + NADH + H+ <=> DL-2-hydroxybutyrate + NAD+ 1.1.1.1 alcohol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.110 aromatic 2-oxoacid reductase
1.1.1.27 L-lactate dehydrogenase
1.1.1.28 D-lactate dehydrogenase
1.1.1.337 L-2-hydroxycarboxylate dehydrogenase (NAD+)
1.1.1.345 D-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase (NAD+)
1.1.1.37 malate dehydrogenase
1.1.99.2 L-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase








bithionol + NADP+ <=> 3-oxopropanoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+ 1.1.1

propionaldehyde + CoA + NAD+ <=> propionyl-CoA + NADH + H+ 1.2.1.10 acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (acetylating)
1.2.1.27 methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (CoA-acylating)
1.2.1.57 butanal dehydrogenase
1.2.1.87 propanal dehydrogenase (CoA-propanoylating)




methyl_acetate + H2O <=> acetate + methanol + H+ 3.1.1.1 carboxylesterase
3.1.1.113 ethyl acetate hydrolase
3.1.1.114 methyl acetate hydrolase
3.1.1.3 triacylglycerol lipase
3.1.1.43 alpha-amino-acid esterase
3.1.1.6 acetylesterase
3.1.1.74 cutinase







malonate_semialdehyde <=> propynoate + H2O 4.2.1.27 acetylenecarboxylate hydratase

H+ + methylglyoxal + NADH <=> Hydroxyacetone + NAD+ 1.1.1
1.1.1.1 alcohol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.21 aldose reductase
1.1.1.75 (R)-aminopropanol dehydrogenase




propionyl-CoA + enzyme_N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine <=> CoA + Enzyme_N6-(S-propyldihydrolipoyl)lysine 2.3.1.168 dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase

L-2-methyl-3-oxopropionate + CoA + NAD+ <=> propionyl-CoA + CO2 + NADH + H+ 1.2.1.27 methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (CoA-acylating)

2-propanol + NADP+ <=> acetone + NADPH + H+ 1.1.1.1 alcohol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.156 glycerol 2-dehydrogenase (NADP+)
1.1.1.184 carbonyl reductase (NADPH)
1.1.1.2 alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
1.1.1.4 (R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.71 alcohol dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
1.1.1.80 isopropanol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
1.1.1.B4








2-oxobutyrate + CoA <=> propionyl-CoA + formate 2.3.1
2.3.1.54 formate C-acetyltransferase


propionyl-CoA + succinate <=> propionate + succinyl-CoA 2.8.3
2.8.3.1 propionate CoA-transferase
2.8.3.18 succinyl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase
2.8.3.M4




L-2-methyl-3-oxopropionate + CoA + NAD+ <=> (R)-2-methylmalonyl-CoA + NADH + H+ 1.2.1

propionyl-AMP + CoA <=> AMP + propionyl-CoA 6.2.1.1 acetate---CoA ligase
6.2.1.17 propionate---CoA ligase


1-propanol + NAD+ <=> propionaldehyde + NADH + H+ 1.1.1.1 alcohol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.165 2-alkyn-1-ol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.192 long-chain-alcohol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.2 alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
1.1.1.202 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.21 aldose reductase
1.1.1.244 methanol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.245 cyclohexanol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.265 3-methylbutanal reductase
1.1.1.306 S-(hydroxymethyl)mycothiol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.35 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
1.1.1.51 3(or 17)beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
1.1.1.6 glycerol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.71 alcohol dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
1.1.1.73 octanol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.77 lactaldehyde reductase
1.1.1.B4
1.2.1.3 aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+)


















(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA + H+ <=> CO2 + propionyl-CoA 2.3.1.226 carboxymethylproline synthase
4.1.1
4.1.1.9 malonyl-CoA decarboxylase
4.1.1.94 ethylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase
4.1.1.M5
6.4.1.3 propionyl-CoA carboxylase






acetone + O2 + NADPH + H+ <=> methyl_acetate + NADP+ + H2O 1.14.13.226 acetone monooxygenase (methyl acetate-forming)

1,2-propanediol <=> propionaldehyde + H2O 4.2.1.28 propanediol dehydratase
4.2.1.30 glycerol dehydratase


malonate_semialdehyde + CoA + NADP+ <=> acetyl-CoA + CO2 + NADPH 1.2.1
1.2.1.18 malonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (acetylating)


propionyl-CoA + L-lactate <=> propionate + lactoyl-CoA 2.8.3.1 propionate CoA-transferase

Hydroxyacetone + NADH + H+ <=> 1,2-propanediol + NAD+ 1.1.1.1 alcohol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.165 2-alkyn-1-ol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.4 (R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.6 glycerol dehydrogenase




ATP + propionyl-CoA + HCO3- <=> H+ + (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA + phosphate + ADP 6.4.1.2 acetyl-CoA carboxylase
6.4.1.3 propionyl-CoA carboxylase


(2S,3S)-methylcitrate <=> H2O + 2-methyl-trans-aconitate 4.2.1.117 2-methylcitrate dehydratase (2-methyl-trans-aconitate forming)
4.2.1.79 2-methylcitrate dehydratase


H2O + (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA <=> H+ + CoA + methylmalonate 3.1.2.17 (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolase
3.1.2.20 acyl-CoA hydrolase
3.1.2.4 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase



bithionol <=> acryloyl-CoA + H2O 4.2.1
4.2.1.116 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA dehydratase
4.2.1.17 enoyl-CoA hydratase



acetoacetate + H+ <=> acetone + CO2 1.8.1.5 2-oxopropyl-CoM reductase (carboxylating)
4.1.1.4 acetoacetate decarboxylase


2-(alpha-Hydroxypropyl)thiamine_diphosphate + Enzyme_N6-(lipoyl)lysine <=> Enzyme_N6-(S-propyldihydrolipoyl)lysine + thiamine_diphosphate 1.2.4.4 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (2-methylpropanoyl-transferring)

(2S,3S)-methylcitrate <=> (Z)-2-methylaconitate + H2O 4.2.1.117 2-methylcitrate dehydratase (2-methyl-trans-aconitate forming)
4.2.1.79 2-methylcitrate dehydratase


beta-Alanine + 2-oxoglutarate <=> malonate_semialdehyde + L-glutamate 2.6.1.19 4-aminobutyrate---2-oxoglutarate transaminase
2.6.1.2 alanine transaminase
2.6.1.22 (S)-3-amino-2-methylpropionate transaminase
2.6.1.55 taurine---2-oxoglutarate transaminase
2.6.1.ak





ATP + propionate <=> diphosphate + propionyl-AMP 6.2.1.1 acetate---CoA ligase
6.2.1.17 propionate---CoA ligase


lactoyl-CoA <=> acryloyl-CoA + H2O 4.2.1
4.2.1.54 lactoyl-CoA dehydratase


malonate_semialdehyde + CoA + NADP+ <=> malonyl-CoA + NADPH + H+ 1.2.1.18 malonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (acetylating)
1.2.1.75 malonyl-CoA reductase (malonate semialdehyde-forming)


Hydroxyacetone + NADP+ <=> H+ + methylglyoxal + NADPH 1.1.1
1.1.1.1 alcohol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.153 sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)
1.1.1.2 alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
1.1.1.21 aldose reductase
1.1.1.72 glycerol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
1.3.1.20 trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase







succinate + GTP + CoA <=> succinyl-CoA + GDP + phosphate 6.2.1.4 succinate---CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3- <=> ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA + H+ 6.4.1.2 acetyl-CoA carboxylase
6.4.1.3 propionyl-CoA carboxylase
6.4.1.4 methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase



2-oxobutyrate + thiamine_diphosphate <=> 2-(alpha-Hydroxypropyl)thiamine_diphosphate + CO2 1.2.4.4 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (2-methylpropanoyl-transferring)

2-oxobutyrate + phosphate + O2 <=> propanoyl_phosphate + CO2 + H2O2 1.2.3

acetyl-CoA + oxaloacetate <=> malonyl-CoA + pyruvate 2.1.3.1 methylmalonyl-CoA carboxytransferase

flavin + propionyl-CoA <=> reduced_flavodoxin + acryloyl-CoA 1.3.8.1 short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

methylmalonate <=> L-2-methyl-3-oxopropionate not assigned

acetyl-CoA <=> acetoacetyl-CoA + CoA 1.1.1.34 hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)
2.3.1.155 acetyl-CoA C-myristoyltransferase
2.3.1.16 acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase
2.3.1.38 [acyl-carrier-protein] S-acetyltransferase
2.3.1.9 acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase





beta-Alanine <=> beta-alanyl-CoA 2.8.3

propionyl-CoA + NAD+ <=> acryloyl-CoA + NADH + H+ 1.3.1.84 acrylyl-CoA reductase (NADPH)
1.3.1.95 acrylyl-CoA reductase (NADH)


H+ + malonyl-CoA <=> CO2 + acetyl-CoA 2.3.1.226 carboxymethylproline synthase
2.3.1.74 chalcone synthase
4.1.1.87 malonyl-S-ACP decarboxylase
4.1.1.9 malonyl-CoA decarboxylase




pyruvate + (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA <=> oxaloacetate + propionyl-CoA 2.1.3.1 methylmalonyl-CoA carboxytransferase

propionyl-CoA + O2 <=> acryloyl-CoA + H2O2 1.3.3.6 acyl-CoA oxidase

L-lactaldehyde + NADP+ <=> methylglyoxal + NADPH + H+ 1.1.1.156 glycerol 2-dehydrogenase (NADP+)
1.1.1.2 alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
1.1.1.21 aldose reductase
1.1.1.283 methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH)
1.1.1.71 alcohol dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
1.1.1.72 glycerol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
1.1.1.78 methylglyoxal reductase (NADH)
1.2.1.49 2-oxoaldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+)








malonate_semialdehyde + CoA + NAD+ <=> acetyl-CoA + CO2 + NADH 1.2.1.18 malonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (acetylating)
1.2.1.27 methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (CoA-acylating)


(R)-2-methylmalonyl-CoA <=> (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA 5.1.99.1 methylmalonyl-CoA epimerase

2-oxobutyrate + oxidized_ferredoxin + CoA <=> propionyl-CoA + reduced_ferredoxin_[iron-sulfur]_cluster + CO2 + H+ 1.2.7.1 pyruvate synthase
1.2.7.11 2-oxoacid oxidoreductase (ferredoxin)
1.2.7.7 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (ferredoxin)



2-propanol + NAD+ <=> acetone + NADH + H+ 1.1.1
1.1.1.1 alcohol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.184 carbonyl reductase (NADPH)
1.1.1.2 alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
1.1.1.244 methanol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.245 cyclohexanol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.268 2-(R)-hydroxypropyl-CoM dehydrogenase
1.1.1.269 2-(S)-hydroxypropyl-CoM dehydrogenase
1.1.1.35 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase
1.1.1.4 (R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.406 galactitol 2-dehydrogenase (L-tagatose-forming)
1.1.1.6 glycerol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.71 alcohol dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
1.1.1.73 octanol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.76 (S,S)-butanediol dehydrogenase
1.1.1.80 isopropanol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
1.1.1.B4
1.1.1.M22


















propionyl-CoA + phosphate <=> propanoyl_phosphate + CoA 2.3.1.19 phosphate butyryltransferase
2.3.1.222 phosphate propanoyltransferase
2.3.1.8 phosphate acetyltransferase



propionate + ATP <=> propanoyl_phosphate + ADP 2.7.2.1 acetate kinase
2.7.2.14 branched-chain-fatty-acid kinase
2.7.2.15 propionate kinase
2.7.2.6 formate kinase
2.7.2.7 butyrate kinase





beta-alanyl-CoA <=> NH3 + acryloyl-CoA 4.3.1.6 beta-alanyl-CoA ammonia-lyase

2-methyl-trans-aconitate <=> (Z)-2-methylaconitate 5.3.3

(2S,3R)-3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate <=> succinate + pyruvate 4.1.3.1 isocitrate lyase
4.1.3.30 methylisocitrate lyase


1,2-propanediol + NAD+ <=> L-lactaldehyde + NADH + H+ 1.1.1.77 lactaldehyde reductase

dihydroxyacetone_phosphate <=> methylglyoxal + phosphate 4.1.2.17 L-fuculose-phosphate aldolase
4.2.3.3 methylglyoxal synthase
5.3.1.1 triose-phosphate isomerase



(2S,3R)-3-hydroxybutane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate <=> (Z)-2-methylaconitate + H2O 4.2.1.3 aconitate hydratase
4.2.1.99 2-methylisocitrate dehydratase


propionyl-CoA + H2O + oxaloacetate <=> (2S,3S)-methylcitrate + CoA + H+ 2.3.3.16 citrate synthase (unknown stereospecificity)
2.3.3.5 2-methylcitrate synthase


L-lactaldehyde + NAD+ <=> methylglyoxal + NADH + H+ 1.1.1.6 glycerol dehydrogenase

malonate_semialdehyde + L-alanine <=> beta-Alanine + pyruvate 2.6.1.113 putrescine---pyruvate transaminase
2.6.1.18 beta-alanine---pyruvate transaminase
2.6.1.2 alanine transaminase
2.6.1.40 (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropionate---pyruvate transaminase
2.6.1.77 taurine---pyruvate aminotransferase





malonyl-CoA + NADPH + H+ <=> 3-oxopropanoyl-CoA + NADP+ + H2O not assigned

Visualization of the pathway